Academic Libraries in the Digital Era: Adoption and Adaptation of e-Paradigms in Public Universities in Zambia

Abstract

The study investigated the adoption and adaptation of digital platforms (e-Paradigms) in four university academic libraries: the University of Zambia (UNZA), Copperbelt University (CBU), Mukuba University (MKU), and Chalimbana University (CHAU). Using a concurrent embedded mixed methods design with a pragmatic approach; data were collected through self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews. A total of 403 participants, including 400 students and 3 Chief Librarians, were selected through stratified and purposive sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 for descriptive statistics and regression analysis, while qualitative data were examined using content analysis and fishbone diagram techniques. The findings highlighted key factors influencing digital platform adoption, such as academic programs, cost, user needs, internet connectivity, technical support, and accessibility. Regression analysis revealed that accessibility (R² = 0.053), ease of use (R² = 0.078), and complexity (R² = 0.14) contributed to digital platform adoption variations (R² = 0.271), with other factors, including policy frameworks, accounting for the remaining 72.9%. The study recommended that academic libraries in Zambia establish systematic criteria for selecting digital platforms, develop policy guidelines, and proposed the Digital Platform Adoption and Adaptation Conceptual Model (EN_DPAA) to enhance accessibility and utilization.